Activity 1.1.1 - Aerospace History
Internal Combustion Engines
1.) When and where was the aerospace invention invented and further developed?
Jean-Joseph-Étienne Lenoir from Belgium is credited with creating the first practical internal combustion engine in 1859; two-cycle, one cylinder; ran on coal gas (same as street lamps); used electrical charge by battery to ignite once in cylinder.
Also credited for spark plug and ignition system; too small and inefficient to power a carriage.
2.) Who were the people that made significant contributions to the original invention and the development of the technology? How did they work, individually, in teams, or with other countries?
Nicolaus Otto, Germany, developed 4-stroke engine piston cycle, based on Lenoir’s in May 1876. Eugen Langen and Otto started first engine manufacturing company in 1864; awarded medal for atmospheric gas engine in 1867.
Gottielb Daimler and partner Wilhelm Maybach took Otto's engine and made it more efficient and set the preset for gas powered vehicles.
3.) What advantages does this inventions offer compared to other forms of flight?
The engines are used to generate thrust and power propellers. This is an advantage compared to forms of flight with this, such as hang-gliders and hot air balloons.
4.) What are the disadvantages of this invention compared to other forms of flight?
These engines aren't large enough to propel large aircraft.
5-7.) Create a timeline, with pictures, showing how the invention has changed since it was first introduced, Highlight major milestones.
· 1859: Lenoir created an engine much more efficient than the steam engine, its predecessor. The two-cycle device ran on coal gas and was the first practical engine of its kind.
· 1876: Otto took Lenoir’s idea and enhanced it with a 4-stroke engine and a piston cycle (still known today as an Otto cycle).
· 1885: Daimler and Maybach finalized a gasoline-injected carburetor and vertical cylinder
· 1889: the V-slanted, two-cylinder, four-stroke engine with mushroom-shaped valves was created by Damiler. It is the basis of car engines today.
Jean-Joseph-Étienne Lenoir from Belgium is credited with creating the first practical internal combustion engine in 1859; two-cycle, one cylinder; ran on coal gas (same as street lamps); used electrical charge by battery to ignite once in cylinder.
Also credited for spark plug and ignition system; too small and inefficient to power a carriage.
2.) Who were the people that made significant contributions to the original invention and the development of the technology? How did they work, individually, in teams, or with other countries?
Nicolaus Otto, Germany, developed 4-stroke engine piston cycle, based on Lenoir’s in May 1876. Eugen Langen and Otto started first engine manufacturing company in 1864; awarded medal for atmospheric gas engine in 1867.
Gottielb Daimler and partner Wilhelm Maybach took Otto's engine and made it more efficient and set the preset for gas powered vehicles.
3.) What advantages does this inventions offer compared to other forms of flight?
The engines are used to generate thrust and power propellers. This is an advantage compared to forms of flight with this, such as hang-gliders and hot air balloons.
4.) What are the disadvantages of this invention compared to other forms of flight?
These engines aren't large enough to propel large aircraft.
5-7.) Create a timeline, with pictures, showing how the invention has changed since it was first introduced, Highlight major milestones.
· 1859: Lenoir created an engine much more efficient than the steam engine, its predecessor. The two-cycle device ran on coal gas and was the first practical engine of its kind.
· 1876: Otto took Lenoir’s idea and enhanced it with a 4-stroke engine and a piston cycle (still known today as an Otto cycle).
· 1885: Daimler and Maybach finalized a gasoline-injected carburetor and vertical cylinder
· 1889: the V-slanted, two-cylinder, four-stroke engine with mushroom-shaped valves was created by Damiler. It is the basis of car engines today.
8.) Through your own prediction, how do you think the invention may change in the future?
Engines will eventually run on more efficient and/or eco-friendly fuels.
Conclusion:
1.)Based upon the research about the aerospace invention you selected, what was the most surprising aspect of the invention that you discovered?
How the Daimler engine is the backbone of what is used today.
2.)If given more time to research another aerospace invention, what would you like to learn more about?
Stealth Tech!
http://www.auto.howstuffworks.com/engine1.htm
http://inventors.about.com/od/dstartinventors/a/Gottlieb_Daimler.htm
http://www.madehow.com/inventorbios/26/Jean-Joseph-tienne-Lenoir.html
http://inventors.about.com/library/inventors/blotto.htm
Engines will eventually run on more efficient and/or eco-friendly fuels.
Conclusion:
1.)Based upon the research about the aerospace invention you selected, what was the most surprising aspect of the invention that you discovered?
How the Daimler engine is the backbone of what is used today.
2.)If given more time to research another aerospace invention, what would you like to learn more about?
Stealth Tech!
http://www.auto.howstuffworks.com/engine1.htm
http://inventors.about.com/od/dstartinventors/a/Gottlieb_Daimler.htm
http://www.madehow.com/inventorbios/26/Jean-Joseph-tienne-Lenoir.html
http://inventors.about.com/library/inventors/blotto.htm